Alzheimer's disease (AD) remains the most common neurodegenerative disease characterized by β-amyloid protein (Aβ) deposition and memory loss. Studies have shown that mitochondrial dysfunction plays a crucial role in AD, which involves oxidative stress-induced respiratory chain dysfunction, loss of mitochondrial biogenesis, defects of mitochondrial dynamics and mtDNA mutations. Thus mitochondria might serve as drug therapy target for AD. In this article, we first briefly discussed mitochondrial theory in the development of AD, and then we summarized recent advances of mitochondrial abnormalities in AD pathology and introduced a series of drugs and techniques targeting mitochondria. We think that maintaining mitochondrial function may provide a new way of thinking in the treatment of AD.