The second leading cause of death worldwide is cancer. Cancer is a general term that refers to a highly diverse and complex set of over 200 diseases where abnormal cells grow uncontrollably and avoid death. These diseases can start almost anywhere within the body and may develop the ability to invade nearby tissues and spread. Every cancer is the byproduct of a unique combination of various genetic and environmental factors. Even within the same individual, different cells may possess distinct cancerous mutations which can mutate further over time. Despite this inherent heterogeneity, the most common treatments for cancer are surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation.